Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) possess a remarkable capacity to convert near-infrared (NIR) light into higher-energy visible light. This property has prompted extensive research in numerous fields, including biomedical imaging, treatment, and optoelectronics. However, the probable toxicity of UC

Nickel oxide nanoparticles have emerged as promising candidates for catalytic applications due to their unique optical properties. The fabrication of NiO nanostructures can be achieved through various methods, including sol-gel process. The shape and characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles

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